Reaction



LTRUE.

WATER WHEEL.

No 10,839. Patented Apr. 25, 1854.

is Ao TRUE, or ROCHESTER, INDIANA.

nneo rioii WATER-WHEEL. I

Indiana, have invented a new and useful Improvement 1n Percussion and Reaction Similar letters of reference on the several figures refer to the same parts of the machine. I

The nature of my invention consists in constructing the buckets of percussion and reaction water wheels with projecting hooks on their inner faces, and also with projections or flanges above the rim, so as to afford the most favorable surface for the action of percussion, giving the force a greater arm of lever than 1s usual, thus increasing in a" great degree the efficiency of the wheel, and further, incutting away a portion of the rim, allowing the water free and unob: structed access to the buckets.

In the drawings a is thebottom of the.

wheel, 6 the opening for the shaft, and c, 0' the buckets, each having on its inner face the hook (Z, and upon its top the curved covering r. In order that the construction of my buckets may be properly understood I will give the several dimensions used in the construction of buckets for a wheel of three feet diameter, which will show the proportions to be observed in the formation of wheels of any size.

The bottom a of the wheel is made thirtyeight inches in diameter, convex at the center, as seen in the drawings, having the eye Z) sixteen inches in diameter; upon this disk a circumference three feet in diameter is described, which is next divided into six equal parts. Another and concentric circle twentynine inches in diameter is then described,

this gives the width of the issues after de-' ducting the thickness of the bucket that point; as a general rule, I give the issues one inch of width for each foot of diameter of the wheel. I then set off upon the verge line, from the points 7 distances f f equal to one-third of the former divisions of that line. A small circle 9 three inches in diameter is next described, and tangents 72. drawn to this circle, on the side toward which the wheel moves, through the points f of the verge line; these lines are the loci of the inner edges of the hooks d. Then upon the line it I set off three-quarters of an inch from the verge line, and mark the point, seen at z' in the drawing; and with a radius of eighteen inches I describe a'arcof circle connecting the points i and h, after which-I connect the points z' and Z by an arc of the same radius, thus completing the outer face of the bucket. I next upon the line it set off from the circle m one-fourth of an inch and without changing the radius connect the points Z and n.

The bucket is made half an inch thick to' the point p which forms the second extremity of the hook d. The buckets are then trimmed off as seen in the drawing, so

that their several edges shall be as sharp as is consistent with strength, and forming the reentrant angle of the hook (Z. The buckets are made with the growth of the wood vertical, and are let into the bottom a suflicient distance to insure strength.

The rim q is constructed of strong oak plank well banded together, and is cut out 7 between the heel is of the bucket and the hook cl, and is left at r so as to cover the issues and strengthen that portion of the bucket which receives the percussion, the part a" is curved and raised above the other portion of the rim g as seen in Fig. 2, so as to be effective by the percussion of the water falling upon it.

The wheel is fastened together by strong bolts passing through the face rim, hooked portion of the bucket and bottom of the wheel. The height of the buckets are made to suit the amount of water required to be used, which is applied in the same manner as to all other wheels of like nature.

The advantages of the peculiar hooked form of my buckets, are, that they are of the form most favorable, to receive the percussion and give to the force the greatest arm of lever, the surfaces being such that the force applied is so received that its non-effective component is the smallest practicable; and further, that the remaining portion of the bucket is of a form best calculated to accommodate the reactive force of the water in leaving the bucket. The removal of th rim between the heel and hook of the bucket permits the water to impinge with its full force upon the surfaces constructed to receive it. The curved surface upon the rim, above the issues and the inner surface Z n, serve as additional hooks or projections for the percussion of the water and add greatly to the facility of moving the wheel.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is The employment of the hooked surfaces J, and curved projecting surfaces Z 7?, and r in combination with the indented rim 9 substantially in the manner specified, in the construction of percussion and reaction water wheels, whereby the effective force of the percussion is greatly increased as herein fully set forth.-

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name before two subscribing witnesses. I I

ISAAC TRUE. Witnesses: A. C. WATKINS, H. F. WILLsoN. 

